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Search results for the phrase "MNK"

447 search results
Article
Title:

Title:

Coins from the Streets of Racibórz


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.13


Abstract: The aim of the article is to present numismatic collections from the Museum in Racibórz which have been found at municipal sites during supervision and regular archaeological excavations. This will allow us to observe which coins have come to Racibórz (germ. Ratibor) and (Upper) Silesia over the centuries. The analysed coins will be compared with finds obtained during excavations in other cities in Upper Silesia – Gliwice (germ. Gleiwitz) (the market square and St. George’s Church in Czechowice (germ. Schechowitz)) and Bytom (germ. Beuthen) (St. Margaret’s Hill) – and in the main centre in Lower Silesia, Wrocław (germ. Breslau) (Nowy Targ Square and St. Elizabeth’s Church). The study includes 76 coins acquired in the years 1979–2015 on 12 sites located within the borders of the city of Racibórz. This number includes the hoard of 17 Prague groschen of Wenceslas II, 56 single finds and three coin-like objects. In addition, two metal objects were included in the study which were discovered near the castle in the district of Racibórz – Ostróg. Both objects are difficult to identify, initially defined as a ring eye and a weight (monetary or merchant). The entire collection is dominated by Bohemian coins, including Prague groschen, parvus and white pennies. Silesian coins are the second largest group – three wide bracteates (unfortunately without provenance), a very rare Opava heller of Přemek I (1377–1433) and two groeschels of Ferdinand II (1617–1637). Moreover, two rare pennies of Sigismund III (1587–1632) struck in Poznań mint were found, which usually give way to pennies and ternarius struck in Łobżenica mint, which were not recorded in the collection from Racibórz. Considering all the coins in chronological terms, the dominant coins are late medieval ones – from the second half of the 13th century to the first half of the 15th century. The second concentration of Racibórz finds is from the 18th–20th century. A comparative analysis of coins discovered in Racibórz, Gliwice and Bytom and the hoard of Prague groschen from Błażejowice (germ. Blaschowitz) confirms the hypothesis of Borys Paszkiewicz that it was through Upper Silesia that Bohemian coins reached the territory of present day Poland. As a result, there is a significant number of small Bohemian coins in this area, with a smaller number to be found deeper within Poland.
Article
Title:

Title:

Recent Finds of Islamic Coins from the Old Town and Zawodzie Districts in Kalisz


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.12


Abstract: A settlement cluster around Kalisz first emerged in the Roman Period on a route leading from the south towards the Baltic coast. In the Early Middle Ages, a settlement centre connected with the Kalisz-Zawodzie stronghold developed at the crossroads of trade routes linking Wielkopolska with Silesia, Mazowsze, and Małopolska, with the earliest traces of early medieval occupation dating back to the 8th century. In the 10th century, oriental silver in the form of silver dirhams started to flow into the discussed region. These coins were part of deposits discovered in the sites of Kalisz-Szałe and Kalisz-Rajsków. Many years of research on artisanal settlement Kalisz-Stare Miasto produced a few fragments of Sāmānid dirhams minted between AH 279–343 (892–954). In 2018, during research at the Church of St. Adalbert located within the Kalisz-Zawodzie settlement accompanying the stronghold, a part of what was probably a larger silver deposit was found. In total, 13 dirham fragments were recovered, among which Sāmānid emissions dated to the first half of the 10th century were identified (8 pcs), as well as five pieces of undetermined dynastic attribution. As demonstrated by the stratigraphic analysis, the early medieval hoard had been discovered and dispersed at some point during the period when the church cemetery was used, between the 17th century and second half of the 18th century.
Article
Title:

Title:

Regulated Roman Coins and Their Imitations from India: Did Roman Coins Circulate as Money in the Subcontinent?


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.11

Abstrakt: This paper focuses on a relatively unknown group of published and unpublished Roman gold coins and their imitations from India with a large gold plug placed behind the head of an emperor. This phenomenon was briefly discussed by Peter Berghaus, who rightly noticed that the size of the filling on those coins suggests that the purpose for placing such material into the hole was different than simply the repair of a piercing made previously for a piece of jewellery. He considers the possibility that the holes were made in order to check whether those coins were plated or not and were later refilled with gold so that the coins could return to the money market. I would like to present a different explanation of this phenomenon. I would argue that those coins were perforated and plugged in order to adjust their weight. Such an adjustment let them be used as money in the Subcontinent. Similar phenomena from various parts of the world and time periods constitute the key to understand the purpose of plugging those coins and those analogies are examined in this paper as well.
Article
Title:

Title:

Some Remarks on the Problem of Occurrence of Denarii Subaerati in Barbaricum


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.10

 

Abstract: The rapid increase in the corpus of finds of denarii subaerati in the territory of Barbaricum in the last two decades has allowed us to expand our knowledge about the occurrence of these coins in this area. To date, only subaerati have been recorded in finds while recently previously unnoticed categories of non-silver denarii from unofficial issues have been noticed. Furthermore, it is possible to state with a very high probability that denarii subaerati were manufactured in eastern areas of Barbaricum at least since the end of the 3rd century. This of course does not mean that all subaerati that were found in Barbaricum were made there. On the other hand, it is still a very surprising conclusion, due to the fact that until recently it has been considered obvious that all subaerati found in Barbaricum are imports from the territory of the Empire. Thanks to new finds research on subaerati (and on denarii from irregular issues in general) which are situated within a broader context of examinations of finds of Roman coins and their imitations and copies in Barbaricum turn out to be more and more crucial for understanding of the role of Roman Imperial denarii (and Roman money in general) among the Barbarians in the Roman Period and the Migration Period.
Article
Title:

Title:

New Finds of Roman Coins from the Kazimierza Wielka District, Southern Poland


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.09


Abstract: The article presents and analyzes several hitherto unpublished finds of Roman coins from the area of the Kazimierza Wielka district. The five pieces in question are unofficial “denarii” of the emperors Trajan, Hadrian, and Marcus Aurelius (struck for Lucilla), one antoninianus in the name of Gordian III, and one devalued radiatus of Gallienus, were all found randomly before the year 1995 within the area of the unexcavated settlement site of the Przeworsk culture at Boronice. The denarius of Trajan comes from the research performed at the site of Słonowice by one of the authors. These finds have been described in the context of some other discoveries of Roman coins from the same region.
Article
Title:

Title:

CEREREM and IVNONEM. Why the Accusative Case? Two Rare Reverse Legends on Coins of Julia Domna (RIC IV Caracalla 378, 585, 596 and 599)


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.08

Abstract: Among the new coin legends that have appeared on Julia Domna’s bronze and (very rare) silver coins throughout the reign of her son Caracalla (211–217) the most interesting seem to be two rare accusatives: CEREREM (dupondius and As RIC IV Caracalla 596) and IVNONEM (quinarius RIC IV Caracalla 378; sestertius RIC IV Caracalla 585; dupondius and As RIC IV Caracalla 599). This paper aims to place such accusatives in a literary and epigraphical context and argues that the accusatives on the reverses of Julia Domna’s coins should depend on the verb form consecravit or dedicavit being understood, and the legends of the entire coins are to be read as IVLIA PIA FELIX AVG(usta) / CEREREM (or IVNONEM) [consecravit/dedicavit]. In the second part of the article, I discuss iconographic variants of types RIC IV Caracalla 596; BMCRE V Caracalla 220–222 and RIC IV Caracalla 585 and 599; BMCRE V Caracalla 208 and 224.
Article
Title:

Title:

Farmers, the Police Force, and the Authorities: The “Calvatone (1911) Hoard” as Seen Through Archival Records (Cremona – Italy)

DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.07

Abstract: This paper presents a new set of archival records from Rome on the discovery of a Roman Republican denarii hoard, found by the brothers Birsilio and Luigi Simonazzi on their lands at Calvatone (Cremona, Italy, 1911). Local police forces seized the hoard and alerted the Coin Cabinet of Brera in Milan, where the numismatist Serafino Ricci (1867–1943) evaluated and finally acquired selected coins to increase the museum collections. The “Calvatone (1911) hoard” is an essential case study in the history of Italian numismatic collections, museum studies, and archaeology. These records are particularly worth studying for two main reasons. They show how local and regional authorities dealt with casual archaeological discoveries in northern Italy during the post-Unification period (1861–1918). They also help us to better understand how the Italian government acted to safeguard antiquities according to contemporary law, and how the state collections could be increased by judicial seizures and fresh acquisitions.
Article
Title:

Title:

New Finds of Roman Republican Period Denarii in the Territory of Belarus


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.06

Abstract: The article examines data on new finds of the coins of Roman Republic in western Belarus. A hoard found in the vicinity of the village of Luckaŭliany occupies a special place among them. It contained 11 Roman Republican denarii and a Numidian denarius. These data suggest that the distribution of silver coins of the 2nd to the 1st centuries BC in this part of Barbaricum was associated with the expansion of the Przeworsk culture, the bearers of which were quite familiar with Roman silver coins. At the same time, most of the finds under consideration should not be associated with the Przeworsk culture itself, but with population of neighboring cultures that had intensive contacts with the latter.
Article
Title:

Title:

Mints Locations and Chronology of Gnaeus and Sextus Pompey’s Bronze Coinage (RRC 471, 478 and 479): A Die Axes Study


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.05

Abstract: The coinage of Pompey the Great’s sons has long attracted the attention of numismatists and historians trying to reconstruct a detailed chronology of their activities. One of the problems examined was the location of the places they minted coins. This article tries to indicate the possible locations of mints producing Gnaeus’ and Sextus’ bronze coinage (RRC 471, RRC 478, RRC 479) based on the analysis of the die axes of 794 coins and attempts to interpret the results based on local traditions regarding this aspect of coin morphology. The results show that RRC 471 was most likely minted in Corduba. The unusual die alignment of the RRC 478 indicates that it may have been minted not in Spain or Sicily, but in Achaia or Bithynia. It is, however, difficult to reconcile this with the geographical distribution of the finds that points to Sicily. Nonetheless we should probably move dating of this type until after the signing of the Treaty of Misenum in 39 BC. The die axes of the RRC 479 is consistent with traditions of most Sicilian mints. The exception to this is one of the series whose different rotation pattern indicates production in one of only two Sicilian mints (Panormos or Centuripae) or one of the several South Italian cities (most probably Rhegion).
Article
Title:

Title:

Some Remarks on Eraviscan Coinage


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.04

Abstract: In the Carpathian Basin, the only coinage made by purely following Roman designs and based on their monetary standards is related to the Eravisci. The exact date of the coinage is still a matter of discussion, but the Eraviscan coins may have begun during the last decades of the 1st century BC at the earliest. The Eraviscan coinage was more probably politically motivated than economically, with their purpose perhaps to finance Eraviscan troops allied with the Romans, for instance in the war planned against Maroboduus. The coinage may perhaps have had a later phase after the abandonment of the oppidum on Gellért Hill. In this phase, very “odd” coins were minted somewhere in the edge of the Eraviscan territory. Recently, some imitations of Eraviscan denarii came to light north of the Danube, e.g. the Czechy hoard. They are thin, poorly minted coins of half weight and strongly stylized imagery.

 
Article
Title:

Title:

A Celtic Stater of the Krakow Type from the Opatów Area (Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship)


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.03

Abstract: The paper discusses a new find of a Krakow type Celtic stater. The coin was discovered accidentally in the Opatów area (Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship). The specimen represents variant II: C/4 according to Marcin Rudnicki, although the weakly preserved motifs visible on the obverse show some differences compared to the reference variant. The reverse bears traces of die repair. A high content of silver indicates a relatively late chronological position of the Opatów find. The discussed coin is the twentieth known stater of the Krakow type.
Article
Title:

Title:

The Temple on the Coins of Bar Kokhba – a Manifestation of Longing or a Political Programme? A Few Remarks


DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.02


Abstract: The article is an attempt to answer the question of whether the building on coins issued during the Bar Kokhba revolt, usually interpreted as the Temple in Jerusalem, was a testimony of the control of Jerusalem by the rebels or a manifestation of the political programme of the revolt. This meant that perhaps also worship on the Temple Mount was resumed. The image of the building itself is analysed against a comparative background composed of other sacred buildings shown on earlier Jewish coins, in particular those coming from the period of the First Jewish War with Rome. Coins from other areas where similar buildings are represented were also used as comparative material. Consequently, the answer to the basic question of whether the possible Temple on Bar Kokhba coins was a confirmation of the historical fact of taking power over the Jewish capital or was it only a manifestation of longing – firstly after the loss of the Temple in 70, and secondly after the restoration of Jerusalem as the spiritual and political centre of the Chosen Nation – clearly leads to the second conclusion.
Article
Title:

Title:

On Probability and Proof: Piecing Together the Puzzle of Alexander’s Elephant Medallions

 

DOI
https://doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.01

 

 

Abstract: The elephant medallions associated with the reign of Alexander the Great continue to cause controversy. A recent attempt to remove the elephant/chariot type from this corpus is based upon the die axes of three known specimens. This conclusion is false on both methodological grounds and the existence of a fourth specimen. The elephant/chariot type should not be excluded from the corpus of these medallions.
447 search results